Aeroplane.



2198361 DR 19.127,16? e n Ji, A. P. BIAIS, J. J. GAMBOU JL C. M. J. BAILLOD. AEROPLNE.

PPLITION FILED NOV.1, 1912- v 1,127,1 67, Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

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THE MORRIS PETERS co., PHUTOJJTHO.. WASHING miv', L,

A. P. BIAIS, J. J. CAMBOU & G. M. J. BAILLODA ABROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.16, 1912.

1,127,1 67. Panama Feb. 2, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

Y AIP. BIAIS, J. J. CAMBOU & c. M. J. BAILLOD.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 16, 1912.

1,127,167. Patented Feb.2, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUSTE PIERRE BIAIS AND JEAN JULES CAMBOU, F BORDEAUX, AND CHARLES MARIE JOSEPH BAILLOD, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

1,127,167. Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

Application led November 16, 1912. Serial No. 731,913.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, AUGUSTE Putman BIAIs, JEAN JULES CAMBoU, and CHARLES MARIE JOSEPH BArLLoD, citizens of the French Republic, and residents the two former of Bordeaux, France, and the latter of Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in aeroplanes, and the object of the improvement is to provide means for automatically operating fins carried by the planes to maintain the machine in a horizontal position.

The angle of inclination of each plane varies automatically in the wind according to the motive power of the propeller and to the changing force and direction of the winds, though the apparatus is kept perfectly horizontal, as well in the longitudinal as in the transverse direction. The driver may at will, by any increasing' or diminishing of the propeller power, between definite limits, get the increasing or diminishing of the speed in the horizontal direction or said varying power of the propeller or the varying of the winds may be translated into a rising or descending movement of the apparatus which in this respect may be regulated at will by the driver. The apparatus may start or land with a maximum angle of inclination in the wind. although it keeps perfectly horizontal. With the combined arrangement of plane and fin the center of the total pressure of the winds exerted on each system of planes, passes invariably through the axis of a fixed shaft on which oscillate independently both planes, whatever may be the inclination of the plane.

The invention also comprehends improvements in the details of construction and arrangement of parts which will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same, parts being broken away. Fig. 3 is a semidiagrammatic perspective view showing the manner of holding and adjusting the fins.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates a frame or bodv; I and I the keels thereon; N, the propeller; D, D, two vertically disposed rudders; E, E, two horizontally disposed rudders; F, a landing device; G, G', tensioning devices; H, rear gliders; K, and K stops; and L horizontal shafts, extending from the body portion.

Mounted loosely on the shafts L, at each side the body portion is a plane D. Each plane comprises a series of horizontal bars to form a frame adapted to be covered with canvas. Each plane is slightly concaved on the bottom, and is limited in its movement by the stops K and K. Pivotally suspended from the rear portion of each `plane are two sets of links J and J the lower ends of which are pivoted to the upper side of a iin C, the latter being of substantially the same curvature as its supporting plane B. Each plane and its fin form a parallelogram. Each plane is provided with mechanism for placing its fin under tension to resist the action of the air, and as both are exactly alike, I specifically describe but one. In the forward end of the plane is a shaft 10, on which are mounted spiral drums 11, and rollers 12. Connected to the depending links J and J are cables o and o which pass over suitable rollers o", mounted on the frame of the plane. The opposite ends of the cables o and o pass over the drums 11, and are secured thereto. Obviously, by rotating the shaft 10, the cables will be wound thereon, hence the links will be drawn forwardly. Secured to the rollers 12, are cables 13, the rear ends of which are connected to rods 14, operating in cylinders 15, mounted to slide in bearings 16, mounted on the frame. On the ends of the rods are heads 17 and on said rods and between the heads and the ends of the cylinders are springs 18. From the rear ends of the cylinders project rods 19, to which cables 20 are secured. The cables pass around rollers 21, mounted on a shaft 22, mounted in the frame of the plane.

In the body portion A, is a frame 23, in which is mounted a shaft 24, carrying a gear 25, which meshes with a gear 26. Shaft 24 is coupled to the shafts 22 of both planes by links 27, sliding and universal joints 28 being employed. In the frame 23 and operating gear 26 is a hand lever 29 having a pawl ratchet mechanism to hold same in position. Upon operation of the hand lever 29, the shaft 24 will be rotated, which in turn, rotates shaft 22, and winds the cables 20. This action pulls on the cylinders 15,

and increases the tension of the springs 18,

hence the tension of the ns may be conveniently increased or decreased, according to the resistance of the air currents. When starting the machine the operator manipulates the handle 29 to adjust the tension of the springs according to the approximate Weight to be carried.

Because of the particular location of the shaft L, the parts are equally balanced, 'the center of gravity being through the center of the shaft.

What We claim is:

1. In an aeroplane, the combination of shafts, planes loosely mounted on the shafts, ins disposed parallel withv the planes and mounted below same, links pivotally connecting the planes and the fins, the planes, links and the fins forming parallelograms, cables connected to the links, means for placing the cables under tension, and means for regulating the tension.

2. In an aeroplane, the combination of a. body portion, shafts extending from said body portion, planes mounted on the shafts, stops to limit the movement of the planes, fins suspended from the rear portions of the planes, means for placing the fins under tension to resist the air currents, and means for regulating the tension means.

3. In an aeroplane, a body, planes pivotally and independently mounted on either side of said body and Wind actuated means connected With each of said planes adapted to move automatically toward and from said planes and in parallel position thereto and independently of the angle of inclination of each of said planes, according to the direction and force of the Winds striking either plane. i

4. In an aeroplane, a body, planes pivotally and independently mounted on either side of said body, a fin below the rear of each of said planes and parallel With the latter, linkshingedly connecting each of said planes With the corresponding fin, each plane and its fin forming an actuated parallelogram, elastic means for maintaining said parallelograins in a tensioned position, and means for regulating said tension from the drivers seat.

In testimony whereof Wehave hereunto set our hands in presence of two Witnesses.

AUGUSTE PIERRE BIAIS. JEAN JULES CAMBOU. CHARLES MARIE JOSEPH BAILLOI).

lVitnesses as to Auguste Pierre Biais and Jean Jules Cambou:

GASTON BHUEA, HENRY PHILLIPS. Witnesses as to Charles Marie Joseph Baillod:

GASTON PETIAN, LUGIEN MEMMINGER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

